Impact de l’intensification agricole(céréaliculture sous pivot) sur la variation de la salinité du sol dans la région de GHARDAIA(cas de HASSI EL F’HEL)

Abstract

In arid and semi-arid areas, especially around the Mediterranean regions, soil salinity is a major abiotic factor that reduces crop yields in several farming. Our work done in the area of Hassi EL F'HEL (Ghardaïa) to characterize the salinity by systematic sampling on a regular grid of 30x30m in two plots, the first is cultivated (cereals) and the second isn’t cultivated (control). Soil electrical conductivity analysis showed that the soil is unsalted tolittle salty in control parcel, while it is unsalted throughout the cultivated parcel. The study of spatial variability of electrical conductivity showed the existence of very high spatial variation in the control plot and high in the cultivated plot. Geostatistical modeling showed, from the analysis of experimental variograms, the effectiveness of selected sampling. The coupled analysis of variance and the rate of annual change in soil salinity showed a non-significant decrease in soil salinity in terms of agricultural companion.