Etude épidémiologique rétrospective de la brucellose Humaine au niveau de la commune de Guerrara de l’année 2020 à 2022

Abstract

Brucellosis is a reportable infectious disease caused by coccobacilli of the genus brucella. It is a zoonosis of global distribution especially in the Mediterranean countries. Although its importance has not been underestimated, on this basis, we conducted a retrospective study on the evolution of human brucellosis in Guerrara city during the period 2020 to 2022. Based on data collected from the archives of the epidemiology and preventive medicine service de Guerrara, we found 208 positive cases. 2020 is the most epidemic year with 97 cases. The study revealed that brucellosis affects both sexes but with a male predominance (69%). Similarly, it was found that the youth age group had a high rate of infection due to the active nature of this generation in contrast to children and the elderly. Farmers and veterinarians are the most vulnerable to infection because of their direct contact with livestock. Goat’s milk was the main cause of contamination for 75% of cases. Brucellosis occurs throughout the year but the period of high incidence was spring. Brucellosis remains a major public health problem in our region, hence the interest of further strengthening the program to combat this zoonosis.