Myélome multiple pic monoclonale à l’électrophorèse des protéines

Abstract

Multiple myeloma also known as Kahler’s disease, accounts for 1% of cancers worldwide. Little known, complex and often misdiagnosed, our study was carried out in the Ghardaïa region, where more than 18 cases of multiple myeloma with a monoclonal peak were identified. The average age of the patients was 60.5 years. The results show a male predominance, with a sex ratio (male/female) of 1.57. In 2022, the number of patients was considerably higher than in previous years, representing 40% of the cases studied. Serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) showed a monoclonal peak in the Bêta 2 zone in 16.67% of cases. The peak migrated into the gamma zone in 83.3% of cases. Immunofixation is the next most common technique for identifying IgG monoclonal immunoglobulins, accounting for 72,22% of cases. Followed by 27,78% of IgA type and no cases of IgM, IgD, IgE.