Impact de l’irrigation sur la distribution spatiale du carbone organique dans les sols de la région de Ghardaïa (cas de DAYA BEN DAHOUA)

Abstract

Organic carbon plays an important and fundamental role in soils, particularly those used for agriculture, as it contributes to crop growth and development. We conducted a study on the distribution of organic carbon in date palm soil, observing the effect of irrigation on organic carbon. Irrigation was carried out using groundwater (wells), and the results showed that the water was saline and contained various mineral elements (poor to bad quality). We took random soil samples at a depth of (0 to 30) cm from our study site, the Ibrahim Dahou palm grove, located in Algeria, province of Ghardaïa, commune of DAYA BEN DAHOUA, arrondissement of BOUBRIK. We carried out a laboratory study on soil samples to determine the amount of organic carbon. The results showed that the soil is low in carbon, with a value of less than 1. This is due to the sandy nature of the soil and the characteristics of the desert zone. The results also showed that the soil is not saline in nature, due to the conductivity, which peaked before irrigation (0.019 dm/s) and after irrigation (0.012 dm/s). The pH was 7.84 before and 8.41 after irrigation. The soil was slightly alkaline. The results of the spatial distribution of the parameters studied showed moderate to high variation in organic carbon, and high to very high variation in electrical conductivity. On the other hand, the spatial variability of pH was low. These results lead us to conclude that the soil has a sandy texture and low organic carbon content. Irrigation plays an effective role in the distribution of organic carbon in the soil, as demonstrated by our study.