Étude technico-économique sur la culture de vigne dans la région Hassi El F’hel

Abstract

Grapevine cultivation is one of the oldest and most important agricultural activities in Algeria. It plays a key role in the agricultural economy thanks to the country's climatic and pedological diversity, allowing the cultivation of early varieties in coastal areas and late ones in the high plateaus and inland regions. In recent years, it has expanded southwards, particularly in the wilayas of Ghardaïa and El Menia, where it has shown good adaptation and promising yields, positioning it as a strategic lever for agricultural development.

This study aims to evaluate the techniques used from planting to harvest, analyze economic profitability, and identify the challenges faced by farmers. The case study focuses on the Zamila farm, a private operation located between Ghardaïa and El Meniaa. Established in 2014 for watermelon cultivation, grapevines were introduced in 2015. The farm covers 50 hectares, 15 of which are dedicated to grapevine cultivation. The total production cost per hectare is estimated at 3,145,859 DZD, with a gross yield of 127,950,000 DZD, reflecting strong profitability. The farm is notable for using efficient techniques such as water-saving irrigation, organic fertilizers, and skilled labor. However, some limitations remain, including excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Results show that the highest net margin was recorded for the "Isabelle" variety grown under the pergola system, with 6,854,141 DZD, which also achieved the highest gross product of 10,000,000 DZD. The lowest R value (best break-even threshold) was observed in the "Muscat" variety under pergola, with 104.86.