Action des extraits aqueux de Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae) sur quelques paramètres biologiques du moustique

Abstract

The study on the toxicity of leaf extracts of Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae) harvested in northern Sahara's Algerian against 3 rd instar larvae of the mosquito Culex pipiens L (Diptera, Culicidae). It is noted that larvae of Culex pipiens treated with the aqueous extract Capparis spinosa, a mortality rate which varies with the concentration of extract. In fact, the percentage of the maximum mortality is reported for larvae treated with the plant extract concentrated to 100%, 75% and 50% after 24 hours of exposure. While extracts 25% and 15%, they reach the maximum mortality rate (100%) in the fourth and fifth day. This mortality manifest differently extracts 10%, 5% and 1% reaching the maximum rate of about 96.67%, 93.33% and 53.33% respectively at the end of 10th day. The effective concentration 50 (EC 50 ) and the EC90 , estimated value for the 3 rd

instar larvae (L 3 ) of Culex pipiens showed that the extract revealed interesting in terms of toxicity, it has an EC50 and EC90 of 0.00041 mg / ml and 0.0037 mg / ml respectively. Evaluation of lethal time 50 (LT 50) and 90 lethal time (LT 90 ), shows that the extract of C. spinosa 100, 75, 50% showed a rapid onset particular against Culex pipiens. Although these results are preliminary, they show a good larvicidal activity of aqueous extracts of leaves of Capparis spinosa.