Mémoires de Master
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Item الأسطول البحري الجزائري خلال العهد العثماني(جامعة غرداية, 2022) أمال, القرويBefore the Ottoman presence, Algeria experienced a political rupture and many Spanish harassments, which led to the emergence of the Ottomans and the emergence of their role in repelling the crusader aggression, and the emergence of Algeria as a strong nation after its accession to the Ottoman Empire, where he poured most of their interest in strengthening the naval force to repel the aggression and they were interested in the construction of the Algerian naval fleet, which included only four pieces, but supported other pieces then, which made it develop rapidly, which enabled him to extend his control over the western basin of the Mediterranean for 3 centuries . Further strengthened and dominated by repeated European attacks, this prestige prompted the Algerian Government to tax ships cruising across the Mediterranean in exchange for protection, and all foreign countries, including France, the Netherlands, Spain, England, the United States of America and others, were the basis for imposing Algeria's prestige internationally. It also occupied a special place in the caliphate state, where it enjoyed full independence, enabled it to link political and trade relations with most of the countries of the world, and concluded dozens of treaties with the countries of the world, thanks to its fleet, where it reached such a great power that it was able to establish a navigation system in the Mediterranean that guarantees the security of the Algerian administration in particular, the Ottoman State in general, and more generally for international trade in this sea, which made the European countries work to end this system under the cover of ending what they called Piracy, while it is in fact a maritime jihad, although the masses of European adventurers were practicing it with the consent of their countries, France initiated at the Vienna Conference (1814-1815) to raise the issue of the Algerian ism, and the conference agreed to destroy this country. At the X-La Spiel conference in 1819, where European countries agreed to the idea of eliminating Algeria and assigned the mission to France and England, and the conditions for the invasion were created when the freedom of the two countries was able to destroy the Algerian fleet, which was obsessed with fear in the battle In 1827, Algerian control of the MediterraneanItem هيئات مراقبة النظام و حفظ الأمن في مدينة الجزائر خلال العهد العثماني(جامعة غرداية, 2022) حنان, بوحفص; خيرة, بوحفصItem مؤسسة الأفتاء في مدينة الجزائر خلال العهد العثماني 1520-1830(جامعة غرداية, 2022) آمال, رواني; حسناء, بلكوThe Fatwa Foundation was established in Algiers during the Ottoman period and lasted until The French Entry from 1520 to 1830, and has never existed before, and the Ottoman rulers have designated the Great Mosque of Algiers as its center.. Algeria lived under a doctrinal dualism during the Ottoman period, where the Hanafi doctrine, the official doctrine of the Ottoman caliphate, spread, in the presence of the Maliki doctrine is the dominant doctrine in the country, and thus found duality in the judiciary, each doctrine of mufti and judge of its own, but about their appointment, he appointed the Mufti and judge Hanafi in Istanbul and sent to Algiers to serve the post of fatwa and at the end of his term, he will assign another work and settle in Algiers, and with regard to the Maliki doctrine, the Mufti and the Judge shall be appointed, the mufti and the judge. In Algiers by the Sheikh of Islam under certain conditions. This doctrinal duality was characterized by a great coexistence and understanding that preferred the scholars in the Maliki doctrine and the Hanafi doctrine and their understanding where they had a relationship of friendliness and respect, and the Ottoman rulers approached the scholars and made them a prominent place in society and the scholars became a link between the population and the rulers. In addition, there is an ad-religious doctrine, which represented a minority of the inhabitants of Algiers, where it practiced its doctrine separately. The Ifta Foundation played a major religious role in society, contributing to the dissemination of science and knowledge in mosques and scientific centers, preserving the Book of God almighty, teaching the rules of Islamic law at all stages of education, and organizing endowments, which were the main suppliers of science and students. It also played a prominent political role, as evidenced by the relationship of scholars to the ruling authority, their relationship was characterized by respect, friendship and permanent communication, and also in the field of justice, the Mufti and the judge worked to resolve the daily conflicts and problems of the population, hence it is clear that the foundation of fatwas is very important in the life of the society of AlgiersItem الأغذية والأطعمة في المجتمع الجوائري خلا العهد العثماني(جامعة غرداية, 2022) عبد الباسط, بن حنيش; فارس, خويلديLa société algérienne à l'époque ottomane connaissait une diversité dans sa structure sociale, cette diversité variait donc dans les coutumes et les traditions, en particulier celles liées à l'alimentation et d'autres questions liées aux conditions de vie.L'Algérien à l'époque ottomane était l'un des plus importants et des sujets nécessaires qui doivent être étudiés et approfondis en raison de son lien avec la santé humaine, car la fourniture de nourriture était l'une des préoccupations que les dirigeants de l'époque travaillaient à atteindre, car la nourriture est l'un des ingrédients de base sur lesquels l'existence humaine est basé, et pour cela, il a cherché depuis les temps anciens à le fournir de diverses manières et méthodes. A travers notre étude, nous avons abordé la 105 structure de la société algérienne à l'époque ottomane, et les facteurs qui ont affecté la structure, en passant par la vie agricole en Algérie à cette période, puis nous avons consacré un aspect important à l'étude des aliments et des denrées alimentaires. dans les villes comme dans les zones rurales, ainsi que les habitudes de consommation à l'occasion, et en conclusion des chapitres que nous avons évoqués Sur l'évolution des prix alimentaires, nous avons mentionné les plus importants, le rôle joué par l'autorité dans le contrôle des prix, et les facteurs qui ont affecté l'augmentation de leur valeur.Item مؤسسة الأوقاف في مديتة الجزائر خلال العهد العثماني القرن 12ه/18م(أوقاف الحرمين الشريفين أنموذجا)(جامعة غرداية, 2016) حسينة, بوعكةItem الصناعة في الجزائر خلال العهد العثماني 924-1246-1518-1830(جامعة غرداية, 2014) زينب, طرباقو