Mémoires de Master

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://recrutement.univ-ghardaia.dz.dz/handle/123456789/74

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 750

Action de quelques agents (huile essentielle et microbiologique) de lutte biologique sur cochenille blanche Parlatoria blanchardi Targ ; du palmier dattier.
(جامعة غرداية, 2014) CHEHEM, Anaya
Notre étude comporte l’application d’un traitement par le biais de trois biopesticides ; une huile essentielle extraite du citronnier (zest) (Citrus limon), par la méthode de l’hydrodistilation, et autre microbiologique ; par l’utilisation de deux espèces bactériennes : Bacillus thuringiensis et Bacillus subtilis. L’analyse des résultats des tests révèle une certaine efficacité. L’application des huiles essentielles a provoqué un taux de mortalités varient de 59,18% à 23,25% selon les doses d’applications (1ml/ 0,5ml/ 0,4ml/ 0,2ml/ 0,1ml), dans un lapse de temps relativement court (06 heure), par rapport, aux traitements par Bacillus thuringiensis et Bacillus subtilis, qu’on suppose, qu’ils sont avérés avoir plus d’efficacité d’action, néanmoins, avec plus de temps à extérioriser leurs effet (24h à 48h), leurs taux de mortalité varient entre 79,45% à 51,51% et 67,69% à 34,09%, respectivement. Toute fois, l’importance des entomofaunes auxiliaires non négligeable, dont, il faut les prendre en considération.
Action des extraits aqueux de Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae) sur quelques paramètres biologiques du moustique
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2013) BEN SAHA, Djamila
The study on the toxicity of leaf extracts of Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae) harvested in northern Sahara's Algerian against 3 rd instar larvae of the mosquito Culex pipiens L (Diptera, Culicidae). It is noted that larvae of Culex pipiens treated with the aqueous extract Capparis spinosa, a mortality rate which varies with the concentration of extract. In fact, the percentage of the maximum mortality is reported for larvae treated with the plant extract concentrated to 100%, 75% and 50% after 24 hours of exposure. While extracts 25% and 15%, they reach the maximum mortality rate (100%) in the fourth and fifth day. This mortality manifest differently extracts 10%, 5% and 1% reaching the maximum rate of about 96.67%, 93.33% and 53.33% respectively at the end of 10th day. The effective concentration 50 (EC 50 ) and the EC90 , estimated value for the 3 rd instar larvae (L 3 ) of Culex pipiens showed that the extract revealed interesting in terms of toxicity, it has an EC50 and EC90 of 0.00041 mg / ml and 0.0037 mg / ml respectively. Evaluation of lethal time 50 (LT 50) and 90 lethal time (LT 90 ), shows that the extract of C. spinosa 100, 75, 50% showed a rapid onset particular against Culex pipiens. Although these results are preliminary, they show a good larvicidal activity of aqueous extracts of leaves of Capparis spinosa.
Action des extraits dePergulariatomentosa L et deCapparis spinosaL sur quelques paramètres biologiques de Criquet pèlerinSchistocerca gregaria(Forskål, 1775)
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2013) Fatima, AHNA
The study of the biological activity of crude leaf extractsPergularia tomentosa Capparis spinosa L and L harvested northern Sahara eastern Algeria on fifth instar of Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål, 1775), highlighted the effect of the extract on food intake, the average consumption of 0.84 g / day and 0.90 g / day for lots fed cabbage leaves treated with the alkaloid extract of P. tomentosaandC. spinosa, respectively, and 1.22 g / day for lots fed cabbage leaves treated with aqueous extract of P. tomentosa and 1.51 g / day for larvae fed cabbage treated with alkaloid extract of C. spinosa. The same goes for the other extracts, consumption is much lower compared to individuals in the control groups. The values of the coefficient of apparent digestive utilization (CUDA) estimated for L5 larvae of locusts fed with cabbage leaves treated with plant extracts of P. tomontosaandC. spinosaare relatively close to those observed in individuals with control groups. The values of coefficient of apparent digestive CUDA use among individuals of the acetone extract are 79.44% and 83.56%P. tomentosaandC. spinosarespectively. For alkaloid extracted P. tomentosais 83.56% for C. spinosais 84.65 and the aqueous extract is 86.04 for P. tomentosaand 85.82% andC. spinosa. A weight loss is noted that in L5 larvae and S. gregariatreated by foliar alkaloid extract of P. tomontosa by larvae against L5, a weight gain was observed, but at lower percentages compared to controls. In addition, no mortality was recorded in L5 larvae, batches fed cabbage leaves treated with extracts of C. spinosa, whereas it is observed blocking and molting by a L5 larvae fed cabbage leaves treated with the alkaloid extract ofP. tomontosawhere a percentage mortality of 33.33% was noted.
Activité antibactérienne de deux souches de Streptomyces sp. A12 et G46 contre des souches bactériennes multi-résistantes
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2017) Hadjadj, Mebrouka
The goal of this work is to study the antibacterial activity and the production of antibacterial molecules of two new strains of actinobacteria of the genus Streptomyces named respectively, A12 isolated from sandy soil from Masaka province in Uganda and G46 isolated from a soil of a palm grove of El Atteuf.The Strain A12 belonged to the genus Streptomyces and it’s taxonomically closest to S. samsunensis M1463 T with a percentage of similarity of 99.50%. The study of the antibacterial activity tested against 23 target bacteria on solid ISP2 medium revealed that the strain A12 has an important activity against six Gram positive bacteria: Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 13932), Staphylococcus aureus (43300), S. aureus (25923), S. aureus (639c) and S. aureus (MRSA 2). The strain G46 has the same antibacterial activity against bacteria tested by strain A12.The production kinetics of antibiotics were carried out in liquid media ISP2 and Bennett for 10 days and the optimal day of production for each strain by the well diffusion method which showed that the better antibacterial activity for A12 was observed on the fifth day and the third day for strain G46. The antibiotics were extracted with four organic solvents and the best extraction solvent were determined by antibiography against Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 13932). The best result is obtained using ethyl acetate.
Activité antimicrobienne des extraits de deux variétés de noyaux de dattes «Ghars» et «Timjouhart» de la région de Ghardaïa
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2023) BOUNOUA, Yamina
Date pits contain valuable components but are often overlooked and considered as waste. In order to valorize date pits, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts prepared from the pits of two varieties of Phoenix dactylifera L.: "Ghars" and "Timjouhart". The antimicrobial activity test showed that the ethanolic extracts [600mg/ml] were active against all tested microbial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes. Particularly, they exhibited an inhibition zone diameter of 16 ± 1 mm; 14 ± 0.5 mm against Staphylococcus aureus for the Ghars and Timjouhart varieties, respectively. On the other hand, the least sensitive strains were Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, with inhibition zone diameters ranging between 9 ± 0.5 mm et 10 ± 0.5 mm for both studied varieties. The presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds in date pits may be responsible for their observed antimicrobial activity. In conclusion, Ethanol extract, with its antimicrobial properties against various microbial strains attributed to its bioactive compounds, could be utilized for the development of new drugs or therapeutic formulations to combat infections.
Activité antioxydante des extraits hydrométhanoliques des feuilles et des différentes parties du fruit de Cucumis melo « amloun n’waghlène » (Cucurbitaceae) récoltés dans la région de Ghardaïa
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2018) MATIAZ, Anissa; KERKACHA, Redouane
The present study aims to evaluate for the first time the phenolic composition of the hydromethanolic extracts of the leaves and the different parts of the local M'zab Cucumis melo fruit known as "amLoun n'waghlène" and their antioxidant activities. The extraction of the active ingredients has been carried out by maceration using a methanol / water solvent system. The phytochemical study was conducted using qualitative and quantitative tests to demonstrate the presence and quantification of certain metabolites, particularly secondary metabolites. The evaluation of the biological activity has been performant by two tests namely: ABTS and FRAP. The results of the phytochemical screening reveal the richness of different extracts in different types of metabolites such as tannins, cyanidines, coumarins, quinones, alkaloids, terpenes and finally reducing compounds. At the end of the various assays carried out, the results obtained indicate that the highest contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids and condensed tannins are recorded for the extracts of the pulp (19906,96 ± 2430,72 μg EAG/g), fluid from the central cavity of the fruit (5856,05 ± 583,98 μg ER / g and 3235,18 ± 353,33 μg EAC/g) and melon bark (3739,71± 206,85 μg EC/g). The leaf extract has the lowest levels in these compounds. Regarding the antioxidant activity, all the extracts studied showed a more powerful antioxidant activity and very remarkable in comparison with those of the standard antioxidant (Trolox). The most effective extract in the inhibition of the radical cation ABTS -+ and the reduction of iron is that of leaves with IC50 values of 3,40 ± 0,57 μg/mL and 15,65 ± 1,18 μg/mL respectively.
Activité antioxydante et anti-Candida des extraits des algues rouges Asparagopsis armata
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2025) HAMZA, Amina; GAOUTARA, Messaouda
Marine algae are a valuable source of natural compounds with diverse biological activities, representing significant potential for the discovery of new therapeutic agents. Among them, Asparagopsis armata, an invasive red alga, is generating increasing interest due to its ability to produce bioactive molecules with promising antifungal and antioxidant properties. In this study, extracts of Asparagopsis armata were obtained by maceration using three different solvents: methanol, dichloromethane, and acetone, with the highest yield obtained using methanol. The polyphenol and flavonoid content of the extracts was determined using spectrophotometric methods, The dichloromethane extract showed the highest concentration of total polyphenols (3.843 mg/g), while the acetone extract exhibited the highest flavonoid content (0.113 mg/g). To evaluate antioxidant activity, DPPH and FRAP assays were conducted. The acetone extract showed the best DPPH free radical scavenging capacity, with an IC50 value of 0.2919 mg/ml, whereas the dichloromethane extract exhibited the highest reducing power according to the FRAP test. These results were compared with those of standard antioxidants such as Trolox, and vitamins C and E. Antifungal activity was evaluated in vitro against Candida albicans AM16 using disk and well diffusion methods. The dichloromethane extract showed the strongest inhibition, with inhibition zones of 12.66 mm (disk method) and 45 mm (well method), depending on the volumes and concentrations tested. The acetone extract showed moderate activity, while the methanolic extract revealed no inhibition. Positive controls (fluconazole, cycloheximide) were used for comparison.
Activité antioxydante et antibactérienne des différents extraits de Cotula cinerea
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2018) HADJ BRAHIM, Hafsa; BEN OUDINA, Hamida
Medicinal plants are a rich and diversified source of bioactive molecules, endowed with numerous biological activities The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant activity and the antibacterial activity extracts from the aerial part of Cotula cinerea species of the family Asteraceae that have medicinal properties very commonly recognized in folk medicine in the Ghardaia region .Thus, the extraction of the active ingredients was carried out according to the traditional methods of preparation (decoction, infusion) and hydroethanol maceration (ethanol/water: 80/20: v/v). The qualitative analysis of the various extracts revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids and terpenes. The quantitative analysis based on the determination of total polyphenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, which are more abundant in the decoction extract with contents of 28.51±2.46 mg EAG/g, 12.94±1.60 mg ER/g, 7.61±0.93 mg EC/g respectively. The hydroethanolic extract is the richest in phenol acid with content of 8741.12±372.96 μg EAC/g. The antioxidant activity is evaluated by three assays such as ABTS assays, the reducing capacity of iron and β-carotene bleaching. The hydroethanolic extract presents the most important antioxidant potency: of trapped radical cation ABTS •+ (IC 50=4.52±0.18 μg/ml), in the iron reducing capacity (IC 50=60.04 ±1.56 μg/ml) and a very high β-carotene bleach inhibition capacity (IC 50=32.56±4.00 μg/ml). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the disk diffusion method in agar medium and by micro-dilution in a liquid medium. The obtained results showed that Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the sensitive strain to the action of the hydroethanolic extract with zones of inhibition exceeding 14 mm and MIC of the order of 0.93 mg/ml and 1.89 mg/ml respectively. The extracts of the decoction and infusion are active less on the three tested strains.
ActivitÈ antioxydante, antibactÈrienne et insecticide des huiles essentielles de Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng.
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2023-06-11) FEKHAR, Said; BOUAROUA, Ahmed
Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng. known by its vernacular name "El Lamad", medicinal plant is used in traditional Algerian medicine to treat urinary tract infections, digestive disorders and rheumatism. The aim of the present study is to determine certain physicochemical characteristics of essential oils (EOs) and to evaluate their antioxidant, antibacterial and insecticidal activities. Extraction was carried out by hydrodistillation on a Clevenger-type apparatus with a yield of 2.46%. The study of antioxidant power was carried out in vitro by CAT, DPPH and RP tests, revealing that our plant's EOs present moderately low antioxidant activity. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of EOs against six strains of pathogenic bacteria revealed average antibacterial activity against the Gram+ strains tested, in particular S. aureus (inhibition zone diameter = 13.16 mm), while Gram- strains showed low sensitivity with inhibition zones of less than 9.5 mm. The insecticidal activity of C. schoenanthus (L.) Spreng. EOs was also evaluated on Macrosiphoniella sp. by a direct contact test. The obtained results revealing good insecticidal activity with LC50 and TL50 of 0.142 µL/mL and 23.36 h, respectively.
Activité biologique des extraits aqueux d’Ammodaucus leucotrichus Cosson & Durieu.
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2016) MEDJLIDA, Amina
Ammodaucus leucotrichus a medicinal plant belongs to the Apiaceae family. This species known as the «Oum drayga» is very little studied. For this, the main objective of this study is to determine the power of the aqueous extracts of these species to set the free radicals, reduce ferric iron and to inhibit the growth of certain microbial strains. The extraction of active ingredients is performed by traditional preparation methods of the plant in the traditional pharmacopoeia which are: the decoction, infusion and maceration. The active ingredients dosed are total phenolic contents, flavonoids, phenolic acids and condensed tannins. Evaluation of antioxidant activity is made by the use of three tests which are: Test ABTS, DPPH test and measurement of FRAP reducing power. The antimicrobial sensitivity of different extracts was assessed by disk diffusion method on three bacterial strains Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis et Micrococcus luteus.
Activité biologique des extraits d’Euphorbia guyoniana (Euphorbiaceae) récoltée dans Oued Metlili (Sahara Algérien)
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2013) BOUKHARI, Keltoum
The study of the aerial parts extracts toxicity of Euphorbia guyoniana Boiss. & Reut (Euphorbiaceae) collected in Wadi Metlili, northern Sahara of Algerian on the larvae of Culex pipiens (Diptera, Culicidae) in the third stage. The aqueous extract of Euphorbia guyoniana generates a total mortality was reached after less than 2 hours of Culex pipiens L3 larvae, the mortality rate observed was 100% for concentrations 100%, 75%, 50% and25 %. In addition, the calcul of the CE 50 and 90 were conducted to assess the toxicity degree of these plant extracts vis-à-vis third stage larvae of Culex pipiens. The results show that the concentrations causing 50% mortality and 90% of larvae are 0.0015 mg / ml and 0.0094 mg / ml, respectively. Otherwise, the assessment of lethal time 50 (LT 50 ) shows that the aerial part extract of Euphorbia guyoniana exhibits a particular speed of action especially a high concentrations with 100%, 75%, 50% and25%.
Activité biologique des extraits de Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae)
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2014) FETTATA, Sara
The present study Biological Activity Monitor extract Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae). common species in the northern Sahara, eastern Algeria harvested in the region of Ghardaia. We studied the influence of the extract Capparis spinosa L; Seeds of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Poaceae) by experimental as well as the development and growth measures. To this end, we used the method of planting in experimental batches. The application of ten different concentrations of the extract of Capparis spinosa L. (100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% and 10%) on seed Barley, was used to highlight the inhibitory effect of germination of these extracts agains Barley seeds. The results showed that the application of Capparis spinosa extract on seed germination affected Orge and growth. The study shows that a low concentrations50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10% the results of inhibition were respectively of46, 67%, 46.67%, 41.67%, 38.33%, but the concentration of 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60% of the rate of inhibition is high 91.67%, 83.33%, 63.33%, 51 67%, 50%, respectively. It is also reported delays in growth seed lots treated with respect to negative controls seeds of lot.
Activitè insectiside de l’éxtrait foliaire de Pergularia tomentosa l rècoltèe dans Oued metlili (Sahara Septentrional est Algèrien )
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2017) ALOUI, saadia
The study focuses on the insecticidal activity of leaf extracts Pergularia tomentosa L. (Asclepediaceae) harvested in Oued Metlili (North East Algerian Sahara) againt Tribolium castaneum. It concerns their effect on mortality. Pergularia tomentosa the aqueous extract gave a good result for toxicity on individuals of Tribolium castaneum, the effective ness is confirmed by the death of the beetle castaneum adults. The death of all individuals (100%) in a week. The evaluation of 50 lethal time (LT50) and 90 (TL90) shows that the leaf extract from Pergularia tomentosa L. shows a particular speed of action againt the imagines of Tribolium castaneum.
Activités antimicrobiennes de certaines plantes utilisées dans le traitement des infections urinaires dans la région de Ghardaïa
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2014) BENSANIA, NADJWA
Plants are an inexhaustible source of bioactive substances that can replace molecules lose their business because of the intense and uncontrolled use. Among these antibiotics molecules which become increasingly inactive microorganisms, because they develop mechanisms which enable them to resist the action of these molecules. In this study, we try to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of extracts from two wild species of the northern Sahara traditionally used in treating urinary tract infections that are PeriplocaangustifoliaLabil andCymbopogonschoenanthus L. The extraction of active ingredients was carried out by two traditional methods of preparation: infusion and decoction with two solvent water and ethanol. The determination of levels of polyphenols and flavonoids has been performed by the Folin-Ciocalteau method and Kim et al. (2003) respectively. The evaluation of the antimicrobial activity is made by the disk diffusion method on agar of 4 bacterial strains that are Escherichia coli (ATCC 10536), Klebsillapneumoniae (CIP 82.91), Pseudomonas aerouginosa (CIP A22), Staphylococcus aureus ( CIP 7625), and which is a yeast Candida albicans (API 200). The results showed that the extract by boiling with ethanol Cymbopogonschoenanthus L. has the highest levels of polyphenols and flavonoids which are respectively 31.08 ± 1.57 mg EAG / g PS and 10.80 ER ± 0.40 mg / g PS. The infusion with ethanol PeriplocaangustifoliaLabil.has the highest content PPt (35.69 ± 2.41 mg EAG / g PS), while the aqueous infusion has the highest flavonoid (6.88 ± 0.50 mg RE / g PS content ). Different extracts have an average antimicrobial activity on the tested strains.
Activités antioxydantes, antibactériennes et anti-α-amylases de divers extraits d'Anvillea radiata récoltés dans la région de Ghardaïa
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2019) TEGGAR, Meriem; GUESSOUM, Nadjet
Current research is focused on molecules endowed with biological activities of natural origin. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant activity, the antibacterial and anti-α-amylase activities of various extracts of Anvillea radiata aerial part the (Asteraceae) from the region of Ghardaia, which is widely used in traditional medicine in Algeria. The extraction of the active ingredients of Anvillea radiata aerial part was carried out by cold maceration using three solvents of different polarities (methanol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether). Phytochemical analysis of the various extracts is performed by phytochemical screening and quantification of some phenolic compounds classes. Several biological activities were evaluated namely the antioxidant activity using three tests (ABTS, FRAP and bleaching of β-carotene), the antibacterial activity by diffusion on agar medium and by microdilution method and the antidiabetic activity by the measurement of α-amylase inhibition. The obtained results showed the richness of the studied species in phenolic compounds (tannins, flavonoids, coumarines ... etc.) and terpene (saponosides and steroids). The highest contents of total polyphenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids and condensed tannins are obtained with the methanolic extract which are in the order of 81.38 ± 19.16 mg EAG / g, 16.37 ± 0 , 89 mg ER / g, 4542.00 ± 8.49 μg EAC / g and 33.97 ± 1.06 mg EC / g respectively. The methanolic extract of Anvillea radiata has the best inhibitory capacity of the ABTS •+ radical cation , iron reducing power and β-carotene bleaching inhibitory effect with IC50 equal to 153.48±10.02 μg/ml, 95.88±9.13 μg/ml and 172.94±14.88 μg/ml respectively comparable to those of the standard antioxidants used. As regard to the antibacterial activity, the ethyl acetate extract has the potential capacity to inhibit bacterial growth. on both strains tested (S. aureus and E. coli) with MIC equal to 0.33 mg/ml. The best inhibitory activity of α- amylase was recorded with the methanolic extract where the IC50 value of 76.31±5.60 μg/ml, which is lower than that of acarbose. In conclusion, the obtained results may justify the traditional use of this species to treat inflammatory problems, infectious diseases and diabetes.
Activités biologiques des extraits aqueux de Cotula cinerea (Astéraceae) de la région de Ghardaïa
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2015) ATTIALLAH, MABROUKA
This Works focuses on the valorization of spontaneous species of the northern Sahara Cotula cinerea (Asteraceae) in characterizing the determination of certain phenolic compounds (polyphenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids and condensed tannins) and evaluation of biological activities (anti -oxydante and antibacterial) its various aqueous extracts. These extracts are obtained by conventional preparation methods which are: decoction, infusion and maceration. The results obtained showed that the extract obtained by decoction has the highest values of yield (22.71 ± 1.05%) and polyphenols which is (2853.30, 256.78 ±). Regarding the contents of flavonoids, phenolic acids and condensed tannins, the extract is obtained by macerating the richest in these compounds with rate of (690.92 ± 72.08), (333.33 ± 28.87) ( 1069.79114 ± 91.83, respectively. The antioxidant activity of these extracts was determined by three tests that are ABTS, DPPH and FRAP. Different Cotula cinerea aqueous extracts were reacts differently with these tests. In fact, better activity for ABTS test is achieved with the decoction (6389,85μM AND / g), whereas for the test of DPPH and the larger FRAP activities were obtained with the maceration and are (2002.27 ± 17 , 39) AND .mu.M / g and (7576.19 ± 67.51) AND .mu.M / g respectively. The IC50 for ABTS and DPPH test and EC50 for FRAP were determined the results are determined maceration IC50 = 21.19 g / ml , the infusion IC50 = 11.51 mg / ml and the infusion and maceration is equal to 0.14 mcg / ml , respectively. The various extracts were also subjected to screened for their potential antibacterial activity. The results obtained showed that aqueous extracts of different Cotula cinerea have no antibacterial activity.
Activités biologiques des extraits aqueux de Marrubium deserti récoltée dans deux régions (Ghardaïa et Djanet)
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2017) ABBAS, Ibtissam; BENSALAH, Bachir
This study is registered in the framework of research a new source of natural antioxidants and effective inhibitors of digestive enzymes, in particular α-amylase. For this purpose, the antioxidant power and the inhibitory activity of α-amylase are evaluated for the various aqueous extracts of the aerial part of M. deserti obtained according to the traditional methods of preparation (decoction and infusion). The plant is harvested in two different regions (Ghardaïa and Djanet). Quantification of total polyphenols and certain classes of phenolic compounds (flavonoids, acid phenols and condensed tannins) is carried out by colorimetric methods. The results obtained showed that the decoction of M. deserti from the Djanet region had the highest levels of total polyphenols, flavonoids, phenol acids and condensed tannins, which were of the order of 294,42 mg EAG/g, 20,73 mg ER/g, 8 mg EAC/g and 17,35 mg EC/g respectively. Evaluation of the antioxidant activity is carried out by three different methods, namely: ABTS, DPPH and FRAP. The most important anti-radical effect of ABTS is obtained with the infusion of M. deserti from the region of Ghardaïa which is of the order of IC50 = 0,22 mg /ml. These results remain low in comparison with the standard antioxidant Trolox, which has an IC50 equal to 0,10 mg / ml. As regards the inhibitory activity of α-amylase, the various aqueous extracts of M. deserti have a very remarkable ability to inhibit α-amylase. The most important IC50 is recorded for the M. deserti decoction of the Djanet region, which is on the order of 0,011mg/ml. These results confirmed the traditional use of this plant to treat diabetes.
Activités biologiques des extraits aqueux de Pergularia tomentosa L. (Asclepiadaceae)
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2013) CHERIF, Rekia
This study focuses on the search for allelopathic activity of the plant Pergularia tomentosa L. were harvested in the northern Sahara, eastern Algeria, on the germination of seeds of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), (Poaceae). This study allowed demonstrating the inhibitory effect on the germination of barley seeds treated with the aqueous leaf and root extracts of this plant in the Sahara. The pure and diluted to 50% aqueous extracts showed an exceptional ability to inhibit the germination of barley seeds where a maximum rate of 100% inhibition is achieved for low back concentrations, an inhibitory effect on the germination part there observed. In addition, it is found that the root extract seems more phytotoxic than the leaf extract of P. tomentosa L.; Growth abnormalities are still observed in the batches treated with extracts of this plant, also.
Activités biologiques des extraits aqueux de Rhanteriumadpressum (Asteraceae)
(جامعة غرداية, 2021) MOULAYOMAR, Rachida
Rhanterium adpressum(Asteraceae) est une plante endémique du Sahara Algérien, connu sous le nom « Aarfadj », utilisée en médecine traditionnelle comme antidiurétique. L’objectif de cette étude est de quantifier certaines classes des composés phénoliques et d’évaluer les activités biologiques des extraits aqueux obtenus selon les modes traditionnels de préparation (décoction, infusion et macération) de Rhanterium adpressum. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que la décoction présente les meilleures valeurs de rendement, polyphénols totaux, flavonoïdes et tanins condensées et qui sont respectivement (8,4±1,069% ; 21,75±1,32mgEAG/g ; 4,74±0,49mgER/g ; 2,534±0,134mgEC/g), tandis que la macération a le taux le plus important des acides phénols cependant qui est de l’ordre de 2,67±0,13mgEAC/g. L’évaluation de l’activité anti-oxydante a été effectuée par trois méthodes différentes : ABTS, DPPH et FRAP. La macération présente les meilleures activités inhibitrices de radical cation d’ABTS•+ et de radical DPPH qui sont (3370,63±44,79µMET/g et 4600,90±120,59µMET/g) respectivement. Le meilleur pouvoir réducteur de fer est enregistré pour la décoction qui est de l’ordre de 2885,71±566,63µMET/g. L’évaluation de l’activité antibactérienne des extraits aqueux de Rhanterium adpressum Escherichia coli (bacille Gram-), Proteus mirabilis (bacille Gram-) et Micrococcus luteus (cocci Gram+).Montre que ces extrait ont une faible capacité à l’inhiber la croissance bactérienne.
Activitésbiologiques des extraits aqueux d’Oudneya africanade la régionGhardaïa
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2016) FERDJALLAH, Imane
This work aims to evaluate the biological activity of aqueous extracts of an endemic species of the Sahara, it is Oudneya africana (Brassicaceae). The aqueous extracts are obtained by traditional modes of preparation (decoction, infusion and maceration). The results obtained showed that the decoction has the best performance values, total polyphenol flavonoids and condensed tannins that are 22.67 ± 2.13% respectively, 82.93 ± 4.88, 38.45 ± 1.29 mg ER / g and 97 ± 0,27mg EC / g PS while the infusion has the largest rate of phenolic acids which is of the order of 1.77 ± 009 mg EAC / g. Antioxidants activity was carried out by three methods: ABTS, DPPH and FRAP. Indeed, the best activity for all three methods is obtained with the decoction are (± 11036.61 270.76 microM AND / g) (1072.91 ± 51.10 microM AND / g) (1072.91 ± 51, 10 microM AND / g) respectively. As regards antibacterial activity, the various extracts have no inhibitory activity of bacterial growth of the three selected strains (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Proteus mirabilisATCCandMicrococcus luteusATCC).