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1 er Workshop national sur la production végétale Thème: Le développement de l’agriculture industrielle en terres sahariennes: Bilan et perspectives (DAITS) : Abstract book
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2024-03-05) HOUICHITI, Rachid
1er Séminaire National sur les Substance Bioactive SBIO-2023
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2023-03-14) BENKHERARA, Salah
Action de quelques agents (huile essentielle et microbiologique) de lutte biologique sur cochenille blanche Parlatoria blanchardi Targ ; du palmier dattier.
(Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et des sciences de la terre, 2014) CHEHEM, Anaya
Our survey includes the application of a treatment by the slant of three biopesticides; an essential oil extracted of the lemon tree (Citrus), by the method of the hydrodistilation, and microbiological other; by the use of two bacterial species: Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus subtilis. The analysis of the results of the tests reveals certain efficiency. The use of essential oil provoked a rate of mortalities vary 59,18% to 23,25% according to the doses of applications (1ml, 0,5ml, 0,4ml, 0,2ml, 0,1ml), in a relatively short time lapse (06 hour), by report, to the treatments by Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus subtilis, that one supposes, that they are established to have more efficiency of action, nevertheless, with more of time to express their effect (24h to 48h), their death rates vary between 79,45% to 51,51% and 67,69% to 34,09%, respectively. All time, the importance of the auxiliary no negligible species, of which, it is necessary to take them in consideration.
Action de quelques agents (huile essentielle et microbiologique) de lutte biologique sur cochenille blanche Parlatoria blanchardi Targ ; du palmier dattier.
(جامعة غرداية, 2014) CHEHEM, Anaya
Notre étude comporte l’application d’un traitement par le biais de trois biopesticides ; une huile essentielle extraite du citronnier (zest) (Citrus limon), par la méthode de l’hydrodistilation, et autre microbiologique ; par l’utilisation de deux espèces bactériennes : Bacillus thuringiensis et Bacillus subtilis. L’analyse des résultats des tests révèle une certaine efficacité. L’application des huiles essentielles a provoqué un taux de mortalités varient de 59,18% à 23,25% selon les doses d’applications (1ml/ 0,5ml/ 0,4ml/ 0,2ml/ 0,1ml), dans un lapse de temps relativement court (06 heure), par rapport, aux traitements par Bacillus thuringiensis et Bacillus subtilis, qu’on suppose, qu’ils sont avérés avoir plus d’efficacité d’action, néanmoins, avec plus de temps à extérioriser leurs effet (24h à 48h), leurs taux de mortalité varient entre 79,45% à 51,51% et 67,69% à 34,09%, respectivement. Toute fois, l’importance des entomofaunes auxiliaires non négligeable, dont, il faut les prendre en considération.
Action des extraits aqueux de Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae) sur quelques paramètres biologiques du moustique
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2013) BEN SAHA, Djamila
The study on the toxicity of leaf extracts of Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae) harvested in northern Sahara's Algerian against 3 rd instar larvae of the mosquito Culex pipiens L (Diptera, Culicidae). It is noted that larvae of Culex pipiens treated with the aqueous extract Capparis spinosa, a mortality rate which varies with the concentration of extract. In fact, the percentage of the maximum mortality is reported for larvae treated with the plant extract concentrated to 100%, 75% and 50% after 24 hours of exposure. While extracts 25% and 15%, they reach the maximum mortality rate (100%) in the fourth and fifth day. This mortality manifest differently extracts 10%, 5% and 1% reaching the maximum rate of about 96.67%, 93.33% and 53.33% respectively at the end of 10th day. The effective concentration 50 (EC 50 ) and the EC90 , estimated value for the 3 rd instar larvae (L 3 ) of Culex pipiens showed that the extract revealed interesting in terms of toxicity, it has an EC50 and EC90 of 0.00041 mg / ml and 0.0037 mg / ml respectively. Evaluation of lethal time 50 (LT 50) and 90 lethal time (LT 90 ), shows that the extract of C. spinosa 100, 75, 50% showed a rapid onset particular against Culex pipiens. Although these results are preliminary, they show a good larvicidal activity of aqueous extracts of leaves of Capparis spinosa.
Action des extraits dePergulariatomentosa L et deCapparis spinosaL sur quelques paramètres biologiques de Criquet pèlerinSchistocerca gregaria(Forskål, 1775)
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2013) Fatima, AHNA
The study of the biological activity of crude leaf extractsPergularia tomentosa Capparis spinosa L and L harvested northern Sahara eastern Algeria on fifth instar of Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål, 1775), highlighted the effect of the extract on food intake, the average consumption of 0.84 g / day and 0.90 g / day for lots fed cabbage leaves treated with the alkaloid extract of P. tomentosaandC. spinosa, respectively, and 1.22 g / day for lots fed cabbage leaves treated with aqueous extract of P. tomentosa and 1.51 g / day for larvae fed cabbage treated with alkaloid extract of C. spinosa. The same goes for the other extracts, consumption is much lower compared to individuals in the control groups. The values of the coefficient of apparent digestive utilization (CUDA) estimated for L5 larvae of locusts fed with cabbage leaves treated with plant extracts of P. tomontosaandC. spinosaare relatively close to those observed in individuals with control groups. The values of coefficient of apparent digestive CUDA use among individuals of the acetone extract are 79.44% and 83.56%P. tomentosaandC. spinosarespectively. For alkaloid extracted P. tomentosais 83.56% for C. spinosais 84.65 and the aqueous extract is 86.04 for P. tomentosaand 85.82% andC. spinosa. A weight loss is noted that in L5 larvae and S. gregariatreated by foliar alkaloid extract of P. tomontosa by larvae against L5, a weight gain was observed, but at lower percentages compared to controls. In addition, no mortality was recorded in L5 larvae, batches fed cabbage leaves treated with extracts of C. spinosa, whereas it is observed blocking and molting by a L5 larvae fed cabbage leaves treated with the alkaloid extract ofP. tomontosawhere a percentage mortality of 33.33% was noted.
Action des huiles lourdes de graines de trois plantes spontanées du Sahara Algérien sur quelques paramètres biologiques du Criquet pèlerin
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2023) AIT AOUDIA, Ahmed
Our study’s objective is to test the lethal and sub-lethal effects of heavy seed oils from three spontaneous plants from the Algerian Sahara, which are Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) and Cleome arabica L. (Capparidaceae) and Datura stramonium L. ( Solanaceae) against L5 larvae and imagos of Schistocerca gregaria Forsk. (Orthoptera-Acrididae). The treatment technique consists of injecting a dose of pure seed oil into the insect's esophagus using a micropipette. The seed oil doses injected into L5 larvae and imagoes of S. gregaria are 60 µl/individual and 120 µl/individual, respectively. The doses injected into L5 larvae and imagoes of S. gregaria are 60 µl/individual and 120 µl/individual, respectively. Forced buccal injection of heavy vegetable oils in treated L5 larvae and imagoes of S. gregaria showed various toxicological symptoms, i.e. movement disorders, diarrhea, reduction in food intake, weight loss, digestive disorders, retardation and difficulties in molting and in the extreme cases, death. S. gregaria L5 larvae treated with P. harmala seed oil showed a mortality rate of 50% after 12 days. In addition, L5 larvae treated with C. arabica seed oil had a mortality rate of 63.63% after 16 days of treatment. Whereas we obtained with D.stramonium seed oil a mortality rate of 100% after only 7 days of treatment. It seems that the most toxic seed oil on the L5 larvae of S.gregaria is that of D.stramonium followed by the oil of C.arabica and finally that of P.harmala. In addition, imagos of S. gregaria treated with P. harmala and C. arabica seed oils showed mortality rates of 50% and 45.45% respectively after 29 days. Whereas, imagoes treated with D.stramonium seed oil reached 100% mortality rate after 13 days. Similarly, D.stramonium seed oil is also found to be more toxic to S.gregaria imagos than P.harmala and C.arabica seed oils. In addition, it appeared that imagos are more sensitive to the lethal action caused by the seed oil of P.harmala compared to the seed oil of C.arabica. The evaluation of lethal time 50 (TL50), showed that the shortest TL50 are recorded in L5 larvae treated with D.stramonium seed oil, it is 3.54 days in male L5 larvae and 5.97 days in female L5 larvae, followed by male L5 larvae treated with C. arabica seed oil with 7.6 days, then that of male L5 larvae treated with P. harmala with 8.47, then that of female L5 larvae treated with P.harmala and C.arabica seed oil with 9.5 days and 11.09 days respectively. Moreover, in S. gregaria imagos the shortest TL50 are recorded in imagos treated with D. stramonium seed oil, with 5.62 days in males and 5.74 days in females, then that female and male imagos treated with P.harmala seed oil with 22.52 days and 23.48 days respectively. The highest TL50 are recorded in imagos treated with C. arabica seed oil, with 24.54 days in male imagos, and finally that of female imagos with 27.23 days. At the same time, it seems that the lethal action of D.stramonium seed oil is faster compared to the two seed oils of P.harmala and C.arabica in this locust. The deterrent effects of the tested seed oils on the appetite and digestion of this locust are reflected in the weight losses recorded in the L5 larvae and treated imagoes of S. gregaria. S.gregaria L5 larvae treated with P.harmala and C.arabica seed oils show a low weight gain of around 15.64±31.35% and 14.28±38.74% respectively. While, L5 larvae treated with D.stramonium seed oil show a drop in weight of -17.55±36.97%. In addition, a reduction in weight gain was observed in imagos of S. gregaria treated with C. arabica and P. harmala seed oils, which are respectively of the order of 21.28 ± 22.65% and 15.51±31.35%, while the imagos of S. gregaria treated with D. stramonium seed oil recorded a drop in weight gain of the order of -22.44 ± 25.02%. The three heavy vegetable oils tested have toxic effects on L5 larvae and imagos of S. gregaria, the toxic effects vary with the injected seed oil, the treatment dose, the sex and the development stage of the insect.
ACTIVITÉ ANTAGONISTE DES SOUCHES D'ACTINOMYCÈTES CONTRE QUELQUES BACTÉRIES PATHOGÈNES
(Université de Ghardaïa, 2013) Saïda, Dib; Sara, Djkaoua
يهدف العمل الذي قمنا به إلى إظهار النشاط المضاد للبكتيريا لأربع سلالات من البكتيريا الهيفية أكتينوميسات G44,G46,G68 و .LG10 معزولة من عينات لتربة صحراوية جزائرية. باستعمال تقنيتي الخطوط المتقاطعة و أقراص الآغار في وسط زراعي مركب ISP2 حيث اختبرنا نشاط وفعالية هذه السلالات ضد بعض سلالات البكتيريا الممرضة. النتائج أظهرت إجمالا نشاطا هاما للسلالات الأربع، خاصة السلالة G46 التي أظهرت طيف نشاط عريض ضد كل سلالات البكتيريا الممرضة المستعملة بشدة تثبيط مهمة (من رتبة 18، 20 مم بطريقة أقراص الآغار) ضد Escherichia coli و Listeria monocytogenes. كما نسجل نشاطا معتبرا بالنسبة للسلالة G44 خاصة ضد Bacillus subtilis ، Escherichia coli و Listeria monocytogenes. السلالتان الأخريان G68 و LG10 أظهرتا شدة تثبيط أقل باستعمال التقنيتين. RESUME Le travail que nous avons entrepris a pour objectif, la mise en évidence des activités antibactériennes des 4 souches d’actinomycètes (G44, G46, G68 et LG10) isolées à partir des échantillons de sols sahariens algériens. En utilisant deux techniques de mise en évidence (stries croisées et disques d’agar) sur un milieu de culture complexe ISP2, nous avons testé l’activité de ces souches contre quelques bactéries pathogènes. Les résultats obtenus ont montré globalement une activité importante des quatre souches, notamment la souche G46 qui a révélé un large spectre d’activité contre tous les germes pathogènes utilisés, avec une intensité importante (de l’ordre de 18 à 20mm par la technique de disques d’agar) contre Escherichia coli et Listeria monocytogenes. Une activité considérable a été notée avec la souche G44 notamment contre Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli et Listeria monocytogenes. Les deux autres souches G68 et LG10 ont présenté une intensité d’inhibition moindre pour les deux techniques.
Activité antibactérienne de deux souches de Streptomyces sp. A12 et G46 contre des souches bactériennes multi-résistantes
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2017) Hadjadj, Mebrouka
The goal of this work is to study the antibacterial activity and the production of antibacterial molecules of two new strains of actinobacteria of the genus Streptomyces named respectively, A12 isolated from sandy soil from Masaka province in Uganda and G46 isolated from a soil of a palm grove of El Atteuf.The Strain A12 belonged to the genus Streptomyces and it’s taxonomically closest to S. samsunensis M1463 T with a percentage of similarity of 99.50%. The study of the antibacterial activity tested against 23 target bacteria on solid ISP2 medium revealed that the strain A12 has an important activity against six Gram positive bacteria: Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 13932), Staphylococcus aureus (43300), S. aureus (25923), S. aureus (639c) and S. aureus (MRSA 2). The strain G46 has the same antibacterial activity against bacteria tested by strain A12.The production kinetics of antibiotics were carried out in liquid media ISP2 and Bennett for 10 days and the optimal day of production for each strain by the well diffusion method which showed that the better antibacterial activity for A12 was observed on the fifth day and the third day for strain G46. The antibiotics were extracted with four organic solvents and the best extraction solvent were determined by antibiography against Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 13932). The best result is obtained using ethyl acetate.
Activité antifongique des souches de streptomycètes contre Candida albicans
(Ghardaia, 2014) DJEKAOUA, SOMAIA; GUESSOUM, NADJET; OULAD HADJ YOUCEF, ZINEB
RESUME : Le travail que nous avons effectué a pour objectif, la mise en évidence des activités antifongiques des 3 souches de streptomycète (G61, G46, B31) isolées à partir des échantillons de sols sahariens algériens. En utilisant deux techniques de mise en évidence (stries croisées et double couche) sur un milieu de culture complexe ISP2, nous avons testé l’activité de ces souches contre quelques levures pathogène (candida albicans IPA200, IPA988, M1, M2). D’une façon générale, Les résultats obtenus pour les deux techniques sont similaires et ont montré des activités importantes pour les deux souches G46 et G61. Cependant la souche B31 n’a montré qu’une faible activité. Au niveau des germes pathogènes nous avons vu que le germe test Candida albicans M1 est la plus sensible, tandis que la souche Candida albicans IPA988 est la plus résistante. ملخص : العمل الذي قمنا به يهدف إلى تسليط الضوء على الأنشطة العوامل المضادة للفطريات لثلاث سلالات من الستربتوميسيت (G61، G46، B31) المعزولة من عينات من التربة الصحراوية الجزائرية. باستخدام تقنيتين للتظليل (الخطوط المتقاطعة والمزدوجة طبقة) على وسط استزراع ISP2 معقد، قمنا باختبار نشاط هذه السلالات ضدها بعض الخمائر المسببة للأمراض (المبيضات البيضاء IPA200، IPA988، M1، M2). بشكل عام، النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها للتقنيتين متشابهة وأظهرت الأنشطة مهم للسلالتين G46 وG61. ومع ذلك، فإن سلالة B31 أظهرت ضعفًا فقط نشاط. وعلى مستوى الجراثيم المسببة للأمراض رأينا أن جرثومة الاختبار Candida albicans M1 هي الأكثر حساسية، في حين أن سلالة Candida albicans IPA988 هي الأكثر مقاومة
Activité antimicrobienne des extraits de deux variétés de noyaux de dattes «Ghars» et «Timjouhart» de la région de Ghardaïa
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2023) BOUNOUA, Yamina
Date pits contain valuable components but are often overlooked and considered as waste. In order to valorize date pits, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts prepared from the pits of two varieties of Phoenix dactylifera L.: "Ghars" and "Timjouhart". The antimicrobial activity test showed that the ethanolic extracts [600mg/ml] were active against all tested microbial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes. Particularly, they exhibited an inhibition zone diameter of 16 ± 1 mm; 14 ± 0.5 mm against Staphylococcus aureus for the Ghars and Timjouhart varieties, respectively. On the other hand, the least sensitive strains were Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, with inhibition zone diameters ranging between 9 ± 0.5 mm et 10 ± 0.5 mm for both studied varieties. The presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds in date pits may be responsible for their observed antimicrobial activity. In conclusion, Ethanol extract, with its antimicrobial properties against various microbial strains attributed to its bioactive compounds, could be utilized for the development of new drugs or therapeutic formulations to combat infections.
Activité antimicrobienne des extraits phénoliques des certaines plantes medicinales
(Ghardaia, 2014) Hadj amar, Khadra; Hiloufa, ikram
Résume Cette étude a été réalisée dans le cadre de la contribution à la valorisation des plantes médicinales du Sahara septentrional. Parmi ces espèces, nous avons choisi une qui est Oudneya africana pour évaluer son activité antimicrobienne. La partie aérienne de la plante (feuilles, fruits, toute la partie aérienne) a été soumise à une infusion par deux solvant l’eau distillée et l’éthanol. Les rendements d’extraction étaient 1,474% (Décoction des Feuilles), 8,7 % (Infusion des Feuilles), 0,380 % (Partie Aérienne) et 5,146% (Fruits). La teneur en polyphénols totaux a été déterminée en utilisant le réactif de Folin-Ciocalteau. Elle est de 79,69 (Dc Fe), 91,35 (IF Fe), 42,34 (PA) et 137,34 (Fr) mg en équivalent d’acide gallique/g du poids sec du matériel végétal. Les flavonoïdes ont été évalués par la méthode de KIM et al. (2003). La teneur est estimée à 7.17 (Dc Fe), 11.74 (IF Fe) ,10.86 (PA) et 21.64 (Fr) mg en équivalent de la rutine/g du poids sec du matériel végétal. L’activité antimicrobienne a été déterminée sur 6 souches bactériennes : Escherichia coli E52, Staphylococcus aureus S1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CIP A22), Bacillus coagulans (CIP 6625), Candida albicans (IPA 200), Klebsiella pneumoniae E40et deux souches des champignons : Aspergillus ochraceus ATCC 3174, Pencillium expansum selon la méthode de diffusion de disque. Nous avons évalué l’activité antimicrobienne d’un seul extrait qui est l’extrait éthanolique de la partie aérienne. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que cet extrait présente une zone d’inhibition même à une concentration très faible 10% (1 mg/ml). En conclusion, cette espèce présente une activité antimicrobienne très importante ce qui justifie leur utilisation traditionnelle dans le traitement de certaines infections.ملخص أجريت هذه الدراسة كجزء من المساهمة في تثمين النباتات النباتات الطبية في الصحراء الشمالية. ومن بين هذه الأنواع اخترنا واحدة وهي الأودنية africana لتقييم نشاطها المضاد للميكروبات. الجزء الهوائي من النبات (الأوراق، الفواكه، الجزء الجوي بأكمله) تعرض للتسريب بمذيبين: الماء المقطر و الإيثانول. وكانت عوائد الاستخلاص 1.474% (مغلي الأوراق)، 8.7% (التسريب الأوراق) 0.380% (الجزء الجوي) و 5.146% (الثمار). إجمالي محتوى البوليفينول لديه تم تحديده باستخدام كاشف Folin-Ciocalteau. 79.69 (DC Fe)، 91.35 (IF الحديد)، 42.34 (PA) و 137.34 (Fr) ملغم في مكافئ حمض الغاليك/جم من الوزن الجاف للمادة نباتي. تم تقييم مركبات الفلافونويد بطريقة KIM et al. (2003). المحتوى هو تقدر بـ 7.17 (Dc Fe)، 11.74 (IF Fe)، 10.86 (PA) و21.64 (Fr) ملغم في مكافئ الروتين/جم من الوزن الجاف للمادة النباتية . تم تحديد النشاط المضاد للميكروبات على 6 سلالات البكتيرية: الإشريكية القولونية E52، المكورات العنقودية الذهبية S1، الزائفة الزنجارية (CIP) A22)، العصوية المخثرة (CIP 6625)، المبيضات البيضاء (IPA 200)، الكلبسيلة الرئوية E40 وسلالتان من الفطر: Aspergillus ochraceus ATCC 3174، Pencillium expansum وفقا لطريقة انتشار القرص. قمنا بتقييم نشاط مضادات الميكروبات من مستخلص واحد وهو المستخلص الإيثانولي للجزء الجوي. النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها لديها أظهر أن هذا المستخلص يمثل منطقة تثبيط حتى عند التركيز المنخفض جدًا 10% (1 ملغم/مل). في الختام، يقدم هذا النوع نشاطًا مضادًا للميكروبات مهمًا جدًا وهو ما يبرره استخدامها التقليدي في علاج بعض الالتهابات.Abstract This study was conducted as part of the contribution to the promotion of medicinal plants of the septentrional Sahara. Among these species, we chose one which is Oudneya africana to evaluate its antimicrobial activity. The aerial part of the plant (leaves, fruits, whole aerial part) was subjected to infusion by two solvents distilled water and ethanol. The extraction yields were 1.474% (Decoction of leaves), 8.7% (Infusion of leaves), 0.380% (Aerial part) and 5.146% (Fruits). The total polyphenols content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent. It is 79.69 (Dc Le), 91.35 (IF Le), 42.34 (AP) and 137.34 (Fr) mg gallic acid equivalent / g dry weight of plant material. Flavonoids were evaluated by the method of Kim et al. (2003). The amount is estimated at 7.17 (Dc Le), 11.74 (IF Le), 10.86 (AP) and 21.64 (Fr) mg rutin equivalent / g dry weight of plant material. The antimicrobial activity was determined on 6 bacterial strains: Escherichia coli E52, Staphylococcus aureus S1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CIP A22), Bacillus coagulans (CIP 6625), Candida albicans (API 200), Klebsiella pneumoniae) and two strains of fungi: (Aspergillus ochraceus ATCC 3174, Pencillium expansum) by the disc diffusion method. We evaluate the antimicrobial activity of one extract which is the ethanolic extract of aerial part. The results showed that this extract exhibited inhibition zone even at low concentration 10% (1 mg/ml). In conclusion, this species has a very significant antimicrobial activity which justifies their traditional use in the treatment of certain infections.
Activité antioxydante des extraits hydrométhanoliques des feuilles et des différentes parties du fruit de Cucumis melo « amloun n’waghlène » (Cucurbitaceae) récoltés dans la région de Ghardaïa
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2018) MATIAZ, Anissa; KERKACHA, Redouane
The present study aims to evaluate for the first time the phenolic composition of the hydromethanolic extracts of the leaves and the different parts of the local M'zab Cucumis melo fruit known as "amLoun n'waghlène" and their antioxidant activities. The extraction of the active ingredients has been carried out by maceration using a methanol / water solvent system. The phytochemical study was conducted using qualitative and quantitative tests to demonstrate the presence and quantification of certain metabolites, particularly secondary metabolites. The evaluation of the biological activity has been performant by two tests namely: ABTS and FRAP. The results of the phytochemical screening reveal the richness of different extracts in different types of metabolites such as tannins, cyanidines, coumarins, quinones, alkaloids, terpenes and finally reducing compounds. At the end of the various assays carried out, the results obtained indicate that the highest contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids and condensed tannins are recorded for the extracts of the pulp (19906,96 ± 2430,72 μg EAG/g), fluid from the central cavity of the fruit (5856,05 ± 583,98 μg ER / g and 3235,18 ± 353,33 μg EAC/g) and melon bark (3739,71± 206,85 μg EC/g). The leaf extract has the lowest levels in these compounds. Regarding the antioxidant activity, all the extracts studied showed a more powerful antioxidant activity and very remarkable in comparison with those of the standard antioxidant (Trolox). The most effective extract in the inhibition of the radical cation ABTS -+ and the reduction of iron is that of leaves with IC50 values of 3,40 ± 0,57 μg/mL and 15,65 ± 1,18 μg/mL respectively.
Activité antioxydante et anti-Candida des extraits des algues rouges Asparagopsis armata
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2025) HAMZA, Amina; GAOUTARA, Messaouda
Marine algae are a valuable source of natural compounds with diverse biological activities, representing significant potential for the discovery of new therapeutic agents. Among them, Asparagopsis armata, an invasive red alga, is generating increasing interest due to its ability to produce bioactive molecules with promising antifungal and antioxidant properties. In this study, extracts of Asparagopsis armata were obtained by maceration using three different solvents: methanol, dichloromethane, and acetone, with the highest yield obtained using methanol. The polyphenol and flavonoid content of the extracts was determined using spectrophotometric methods, The dichloromethane extract showed the highest concentration of total polyphenols (3.843 mg/g), while the acetone extract exhibited the highest flavonoid content (0.113 mg/g). To evaluate antioxidant activity, DPPH and FRAP assays were conducted. The acetone extract showed the best DPPH free radical scavenging capacity, with an IC50 value of 0.2919 mg/ml, whereas the dichloromethane extract exhibited the highest reducing power according to the FRAP test. These results were compared with those of standard antioxidants such as Trolox, and vitamins C and E. Antifungal activity was evaluated in vitro against Candida albicans AM16 using disk and well diffusion methods. The dichloromethane extract showed the strongest inhibition, with inhibition zones of 12.66 mm (disk method) and 45 mm (well method), depending on the volumes and concentrations tested. The acetone extract showed moderate activity, while the methanolic extract revealed no inhibition. Positive controls (fluconazole, cycloheximide) were used for comparison.
Activité antioxydante et antibactérienne des différents extraits de Cotula cinerea
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2018) HADJ BRAHIM, Hafsa; BEN OUDINA, Hamida
Medicinal plants are a rich and diversified source of bioactive molecules, endowed with numerous biological activities The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant activity and the antibacterial activity extracts from the aerial part of Cotula cinerea species of the family Asteraceae that have medicinal properties very commonly recognized in folk medicine in the Ghardaia region .Thus, the extraction of the active ingredients was carried out according to the traditional methods of preparation (decoction, infusion) and hydroethanol maceration (ethanol/water: 80/20: v/v). The qualitative analysis of the various extracts revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids and terpenes. The quantitative analysis based on the determination of total polyphenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, which are more abundant in the decoction extract with contents of 28.51±2.46 mg EAG/g, 12.94±1.60 mg ER/g, 7.61±0.93 mg EC/g respectively. The hydroethanolic extract is the richest in phenol acid with content of 8741.12±372.96 μg EAC/g. The antioxidant activity is evaluated by three assays such as ABTS assays, the reducing capacity of iron and β-carotene bleaching. The hydroethanolic extract presents the most important antioxidant potency: of trapped radical cation ABTS •+ (IC 50=4.52±0.18 μg/ml), in the iron reducing capacity (IC 50=60.04 ±1.56 μg/ml) and a very high β-carotene bleach inhibition capacity (IC 50=32.56±4.00 μg/ml). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the disk diffusion method in agar medium and by micro-dilution in a liquid medium. The obtained results showed that Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the sensitive strain to the action of the hydroethanolic extract with zones of inhibition exceeding 14 mm and MIC of the order of 0.93 mg/ml and 1.89 mg/ml respectively. The extracts of the decoction and infusion are active less on the three tested strains.
ActivitÈ antioxydante, antibactÈrienne et insecticide des huiles essentielles de Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng.
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2023-06-11) FEKHAR, Said; BOUAROUA, Ahmed
Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng. known by its vernacular name "El Lamad", medicinal plant is used in traditional Algerian medicine to treat urinary tract infections, digestive disorders and rheumatism. The aim of the present study is to determine certain physicochemical characteristics of essential oils (EOs) and to evaluate their antioxidant, antibacterial and insecticidal activities. Extraction was carried out by hydrodistillation on a Clevenger-type apparatus with a yield of 2.46%. The study of antioxidant power was carried out in vitro by CAT, DPPH and RP tests, revealing that our plant's EOs present moderately low antioxidant activity. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of EOs against six strains of pathogenic bacteria revealed average antibacterial activity against the Gram+ strains tested, in particular S. aureus (inhibition zone diameter = 13.16 mm), while Gram- strains showed low sensitivity with inhibition zones of less than 9.5 mm. The insecticidal activity of C. schoenanthus (L.) Spreng. EOs was also evaluated on Macrosiphoniella sp. by a direct contact test. The obtained results revealing good insecticidal activity with LC50 and TL50 of 0.142 µL/mL and 23.36 h, respectively.
Activité biologique des extraits aqueux d’Ammodaucus leucotrichus Cosson & Durieu.
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2016) MEDJLIDA, Amina
Ammodaucus leucotrichus a medicinal plant belongs to the Apiaceae family. This species known as the «Oum drayga» is very little studied. For this, the main objective of this study is to determine the power of the aqueous extracts of these species to set the free radicals, reduce ferric iron and to inhibit the growth of certain microbial strains. The extraction of active ingredients is performed by traditional preparation methods of the plant in the traditional pharmacopoeia which are: the decoction, infusion and maceration. The active ingredients dosed are total phenolic contents, flavonoids, phenolic acids and condensed tannins. Evaluation of antioxidant activity is made by the use of three tests which are: Test ABTS, DPPH test and measurement of FRAP reducing power. The antimicrobial sensitivity of different extracts was assessed by disk diffusion method on three bacterial strains Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis et Micrococcus luteus.
Activité biologique des extraits d’Euphorbia guyoniana (Euphorbiaceae) récoltée dans Oued Metlili (Sahara Algérien)
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2013) BOUKHARI, Keltoum
The study of the aerial parts extracts toxicity of Euphorbia guyoniana Boiss. & Reut (Euphorbiaceae) collected in Wadi Metlili, northern Sahara of Algerian on the larvae of Culex pipiens (Diptera, Culicidae) in the third stage. The aqueous extract of Euphorbia guyoniana generates a total mortality was reached after less than 2 hours of Culex pipiens L3 larvae, the mortality rate observed was 100% for concentrations 100%, 75%, 50% and25 %. In addition, the calcul of the CE 50 and 90 were conducted to assess the toxicity degree of these plant extracts vis-à-vis third stage larvae of Culex pipiens. The results show that the concentrations causing 50% mortality and 90% of larvae are 0.0015 mg / ml and 0.0094 mg / ml, respectively. Otherwise, the assessment of lethal time 50 (LT 50 ) shows that the aerial part extract of Euphorbia guyoniana exhibits a particular speed of action especially a high concentrations with 100%, 75%, 50% and25%.
Activité biologique des extraits de Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae)
(Faculté Science de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre - Université de Ghardaïa, 2014) FETTATA, Sara
The present study Biological Activity Monitor extract Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae). common species in the northern Sahara, eastern Algeria harvested in the region of Ghardaia. We studied the influence of the extract Capparis spinosa L; Seeds of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Poaceae) by experimental as well as the development and growth measures. To this end, we used the method of planting in experimental batches. The application of ten different concentrations of the extract of Capparis spinosa L. (100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% and 10%) on seed Barley, was used to highlight the inhibitory effect of germination of these extracts agains Barley seeds. The results showed that the application of Capparis spinosa extract on seed germination affected Orge and growth. The study shows that a low concentrations50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10% the results of inhibition were respectively of46, 67%, 46.67%, 41.67%, 38.33%, but the concentration of 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60% of the rate of inhibition is high 91.67%, 83.33%, 63.33%, 51 67%, 50%, respectively. It is also reported delays in growth seed lots treated with respect to negative controls seeds of lot.
Activité biologique des extraits de quelques plantes médicinales spontanées du Sahara Algérien
(Université de Ghardaïa, 2013) Assia, Meherzi; Lamia, Zegaou
الملخص: المركبات الثانوية عبارة عن جزئيات لها أهمية بيولوجية سواء للنبتة التي تصنعها أو الكائنات التي تستهلكها في دراستنا هذه قمنا باستخراج و تصنيف نوعين من المركبات :الألكالويد و البوليفينول انطلاقا من أربعة أنواع عفوية (عشوائية) بمنطقة زراعية في غرداية وهذه الأنواع هي Euphorbia guyoniana ,Pergularia tomaentosa, Cleome arbica, Capparis spinosa.من حساب المردود المستخرج تبين لنا غنى هذه الأنواع بالألكالويد مقارنة مع البوليفينول وكشف تقرير المعايرة لدى الأنواع الأربعة أن إجمالي البونيفينول لدى Euphorbia gyoniana كان أعلى نسبة (346,86±44,08mgEAG/g) في حين أن Cleome arabica يحتوي على اقل كمية (47,59±0,9mgEAG/g) .و فيما يتعلق بنشاط هذه النباتات أظهرت النتائج أن لها نشاط مضاد للأكسدة هام جدا يتغير من µM ET/g 21420 ±2434,99 ل(Cleome arabica) إلى µM ET/g 32200±7399,32 ل(Pergularia tomentosa).وحسب التصنيف الذي قام به CCM لمختلف هذه الألكالويدات بين لنا أن كل مستخرج يحتوي على الأقل على ثمانية مركبات مختلفة. Abstracat Secondary metabolites are molecules that have biological interest whatsoever for plant that synthesizes or beings consumer plants .In this study,we extractd and characterization gated two types of metabolites: alkaloids and polyphenols from four species spontaneous Sahara septontrional harvested in the region of Ghardaia ,it is about Cleome Arabica ,Capparis spinosa ,Euphorbia gyoniana and Pergularia tomaentosa.the calculation of extraction efficiency shows the richness of these species alkaloids compared with polyphenols. The determination of total poyphenols performed on phenolic extracts reveald that Euphorbia guyoniana was the highest (346,86±44,08mgEAG/g) , while Cleome Arabica the lowest (47,59±0,9 mgEAG/g) among the four species. Concerning the antioxidant activity, the results showed that the four plants have very significant antioxidant activities, it’s varies between 21420±2434,99 µM ET/g (Cleome arabica) and 32200±7399,32 µM ET/g (Pergularia tomentosa) . Characterization by CCM different extracts alkaloids shows that each extract trapped in at lease 8different compounds. Résumé: Les métabolites secondaires sont des molécules qui ont des intérêts biologiques que ce soit pour la plante qu’elle synthétise ou les êtres consommateurs des plantes. Dans cette étude, nous avons fait l’extraction et la caractérisation de deux types de métabolites : les alcaloïdes et les polyphénols à partir de quatre espèces spontanées de Sahara septontrional récoltées dans la région de Ghardaïa, il s’agit de Cleome arabica, Capparis spinosa, Euphorbia guyoniana et Pergularia tomentosa. Le calcul de rendement d’extraction montre la richesse de ces espèces en alcaloïdes en comparaison avec les polypénols. Le dosage des polyphénols totaux effectué sur les extraits phénoliques révèle que l’espèce d’Euphorbia guyoniana a la teneur la plus élevée (346,86±44,08mgEAG/g), alors que Cleome arabica a la teneur la plus faible (47,59±0,9mgEAG/g) parmi les quatre espèces. Concernant l’activité anti-oxydante, les résultats obtenus ont montré que les quatre plantes ont des activités anti-oxydantes très importantes, elle varie entre 21420±2434,99 µM ET/g (Cleome arabica) et 32200±7399,32 µM ET/g (Pergularia tomentosa) . La caractérisation par CCM des différents extraits des alcaloïdes montre que chaque extrait enferme en minimum 8 composés différents.